Zygoptera belong to the class insecta because they have compound eyes, three pairs of legs, and go through metamorphosis during the life cycle. Zygoptera or damselflies and anisoptera or true dragonflieseach with approximately 3000 speciesand a small suborder anisozygoptera damsel dragons with four species. Odonata is an order of carnivorous insects, encompassing the dragonflies anisoptera and the damselflies zygoptera. Odonata closely resemble the oldest flying insects known from fossils. An ancient group, damselflies have existed since at least the lower. A total of 257 species under 112 genera and 18 families are. Odonata dragonflies and damselflies are insects with an incomplete metamorphosis. Creatures of the order odonata vintage inspired science etsy.
It is characterized by its huge multiretinal eyes, two strong wings, and its elongated body. Damsels and dragons the insect order odonata the odonata from the greek odono meaning tooth, commonly known as dragonflies and damselflies, is a fascinating insect order. This refers to the strong teeth that are present on the jaws of most of these insects. A dragonfly is an insect belonging to the order odonata, infraorder anisoptera adult dragonflies. Odonata zygoptera are part of the order odonata because they have two pairs of wings, 6 legs suited for prey capturing, and have elaborate mating processes. Odonata dragonflies, damselflies ordinal characteristics. Zygoptera are part of the order odonata because they have two pairs of wings, 6 legs suited for prey. Recently, while drafting a paper on the conservation of raresignificant dragonflies for a conservation biology class, i came across and. Annals of the entomological society of america 966. Odonata have chewing mouthparts and very short antennae. Zygoptera damselflies front and hind wings are similar in shape 2. The first order odonata was released to the unsuspecting masses back in 1993 by music producer and killing joke bassist, martin youth glover.
Anisoptera dragonflies hind wings are broader near the base than the front wings. These damselflies tend to be larger than most others. Odonata families identification guide discover life. They have four powerful wings that move independently. The nymph phase can be rather long in some groups, lasting up to 3 to 4 years. My program has consisted largely of ecology, evolution, and behavior, and throughout it i have attempted to incorporate my lifelong fascination with dragonflies into many of my research projects, essays, etc.
They are an ancient and successful group that was around long before the dinosaurs evolved. Apr 05, 2019 the damselfly is a close relative to the dragonfly. Odonata, insect order comprising the dragonflies suborder anisoptera and the damselflies suborder zygoptera. Butterflies undergo full metamorphosis while dragonflies undergoe partial metamorphosis. The odonata dragonflies and damseflies of himalaya is documented based on field surveys by the authors and extensive literature study. Aeshnidae darners these insects are notable for their large size and brilliant blue or green coloration. The presentday odonata is regarded as a monophyletic group, which is divided into three suborders. Check out order odonata metamorphosis from dragonfly records on beatport. One of the most dramatic forms of metamorphosis is the change from the immature. Entomologyprint version wikibooks, open books for an open.
These attributes force a collector to be very patient and quick with the net. Dragonflies belong to the order odonata which means tooth and butterflies belong to the order. Many characteristics distinguish odonata from other groups of insects minute antennae, extremely large eyes filling most of the head, two pairs of transparent membranous wings with many small veins, a long slender abdomen, an aquatic larval stage nymph. Odonata, derived from the greek odonto, meaning tooth, refers to the strong teeth found on the mandibles of most adults. Once the nymph is fully grown, and the weather is right, it will complete the metamorphosis into a dragonfly by crawling out of the water up the stem of a plant. Odonata dragonflies and damselflies, an order of predatory insects capable of rapid flight. Quite simply, this book is the sum of published knowledge on the behaviour and ecology of this archaic insect order. In some areas, the term dragonfly is used for both groups. The order odonata is divided into two suborders, the anisoptera containing the dragonflies, and the zygoptera containing the damselflies.
The male then will return to his territory or perch while the female oviposits her egss alone along the water. The theoretical framework deals with biology, life cycle, sexual behavior and biodiversity. It contains many species with dark spots on the wings. Damselflies are insects of the suborder zygoptera in the order odonata. They are often seen flying rapidly over streams and lakes, or through gardens at dusk, often. I do not want to sound like a barbore, but this book is testament to the way biology used to be done highquality, empiracallybased.
The dragonflies a dragonfly is a special type of predatory animal that helps control the population, with its huge jaws and quick wing reflexes. Jan 23, 2020 all immature odonata have a specialized labium for catching prey. This poster chronicles 30 gorgeous dragonflies, and damselflies, from the taxonomic order odonata. Entomologyprint version wikibooks, open books for an. Dragonfly records emerges from the cocoon and spreads its wings to fly once again. Trogiomorpha some barklice, troctomorpha parasitic lice and booklice, and psocomorpha other barklice. Mating and reproduction in odonata brisbane insects. Notice that in damselfly male is holding by females neck prothorax while in dragonfly is holding the back her.
Dragonflies and damselflies order odonata inaturalist. Order odonata the dragonflies and damselflies vcsu. For genus or species level id you need specialized taxonomic keys if available or expert assistance. The odonata includes the dragonflies and damselflies.
Libellulidae common skimmers this is the largest family in the order. Odonates are popular with both the amateur and professional because they are large, colorful, easily observable and have exceptionally charismatic behaviors. Insects such as silverfish order zygentoma do not undergo metamorphosis at all they grow directly from hatching to their full size, and molt several times as a mature adult. Odonata dragonflies and damselfies the key for odonata can be found in chapter 5 of the guide to aquatic invertebrates of the upper midwest, pages 6573. Lafcadio hearn wrote in his 1901 book a japanese miscellany that japanese poets had created. Dragonflies and damselflies are large, conspicuous insects often found close to fresh water. They are extremely fast fliers and have large prominent eyes offering 360 degree vision. Discover lifes encyclopedia page about the biology, natural history, ecology, identification and distribution of kinds of odonata families kinds of odonata families sabina gupta.
One species that lived around 250 million years ago was the largest insect known to. Examples of hemimetabolous insects include cockroaches order blattodea, crickets and grasshoppers order orthoptera, stick insects order phasmatodea, praying mantids order mantodea, termites order isoptera, dragonflies and damselflies order odonata, earwigs order dermaptera, sucking bugs order hemiptera, wood and book lice order. In this book pieter van dokkum reveals many of the dragonflys secrets, capturing. The order odonata is divided into two suborders, the anisoptera containing the dragonflies. Order odonata metamorphosis from dragonfly records on. The insects in the order have incomplete metamorphosis, and produce sound known as a stridulation by rubbing their wings against each other or their legs, the wings or legs containing rows of corrugated bumps. General life cycle the odonata undergo incomplete metamorphosis, which means that there is a distinct larval phase, usually called a nymph or a naiad, and a distinct adult phase with no intermediate pupal phase. Mating of the adults usually takes place on the wing in tandem position.
Order hemiptera and mudeyes immature dragonflies, order odonata. Ent 425 general entomology resource library compendium. Some insects, such as true bugs order hemiptera and grasshoppers order, undergo an incomplete metamorphosis. The importance of insect order and family identification. Odonata dragonflies and damselflies life cycle odonata are hemimetabolus as they only go through three stages in the life cycle that is egg, nymph and adult. Order odonata the dragonflies and damselflies the odonata includes the dragonflies and damselflies. Id books are organized around these classification levels.
Odonata article about odonata by the free dictionary. Paleoptera, primitive wing structure and venation lacking the ability to fold the wings over the back. Metamorphosis refers to a major change of form or structure during development. The 1800 or so known species are distributed mostly in the tropics and make up 8 families or 1 family, mantidae, with 34 subfamilies brues et al. The large compound eyes bulge to the side and are widely separated. The odonata form a clade, which has existed since the triassic. The odonata order needs preserved places to reproduce and develop. This is the only hemimetabolous order other than odonata composed entirely of predaceous species. Order odonata the dragonflies and damselflies vcsu macro. The odonata are unusual in that the male has secondary genitalia at the base of the abdomen, to which he transfers sperm prior to mating. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. Among the insects, the order odonata, popularly known as dragonflies, is a group with low number of species, compared with other groups of insects buzzi, 20, characterized by present aquatic nymphs and terrestrial flying adults corbet, 1980. Hooked lobes at the tip of the labium grasp or impale the prey and draw it back to the mouth as the labium retracts.
Sabina gupta justin long john pickering university of georgia, athens. The fossils of odonates and their cousins, including paleozoic giant dragonflies like meganeuropsis permiana from the permian of north america, reached wing spans of up to 71 cm 15 16 and a body length of 43 cm, making it the largest insect of all time. This produces a very characteristic coupling pose, where the male grasps the female behind the head with claspers at the end of his abdomen, and the female places the tip of her abdomen up to the base of the. Indeed, so much useful information exists about dragonflies that they serve as. The order odonata includes dragonflies and damselflies, which undergo incomplete metamorphosis. Zygoptera or damselflies and anisoptera or true dragonflieseach with approximately 3000 speciesand a small suborder anisozygoptera.
Dragonfly records ran from 1993 2003 and was relaunched in december 2019 with a new installment of the order odonata series. The male and female form the heart shape wheel and it is known as wheel position. Various artists order odonata metamorphosis full album. Dragonflies and damselflies are medium to large insects with body lengths ranging from 15120 millimetres. Phylogeny of the dragonfly and damselfly order odonata as inferred by mitochondrial 12s ribosomal rna sequences. The order odonata contains the dragonflies and damselflies and is one of the most popular insect groups. Characteristics these often brightly coloured, fast flying insects are well known and easily recognised. Dragonfly records, the trance arm of butterfly recordings, was a seminal label in the electronic trance music lineage and arguably the first uk european goa trance label. Based on your answers to the questions, you have identified your insect as being in the order odonata. Macro photography of damselfly nymphs order odonata, suborder zygoptera.
Order odonata definition of order odonata by the free. The radiation led to the rise of the order odonata, with the oldest fossils dating back to the permian. Since this article is for the internet pond society, i have emphasized pond species and activities that the reader, as a pond owner, might observe or perform. Odonata and their ancestors come from one of the oldest winged insect groups. Gomphidae clubtails these dragonflies have the terminal abdominal. Many times, family level id is sufficient for management. Order odonata family list vcsu macroinvertebrate lab. Order odonata metamorphosis by various artists, released december 2019 1. Folded under the head and thorax when not in use, the labium can be extended rapidly toward potential prey. Odonata comes from the grek odonta, which means tooth. Odonata definition is an order of insects containing the dragonflies and damselflies and characterized by aquatic larvae that are nymphs or naiads and by predaciousness in both adult and larval forms. Members of this order are generally large predatory insects and characteristically have chewing mouthparts and four membranous, netveined wings.
One species that lived around 250 million years ago was the largest insect known to exist and had a wingspan of over 70 cm. They are similar to dragonflies, which constitute the other odonatan suborder, anisoptera, but are smaller, have slimmer bodies, and most species fold the wings along the body when at rest, unlike dragonflies which hold the wings flat and away from the body. The tympanum or ear is located in the front tibia in crickets, mole crickets, and katydids, and on the first abdominal segment in. This is the manual of the order odonata, and include a brief description of the group. The nymphs of odonata are found in water, and adults usually are nearby. One of the most dramatic forms of metamorphosis is the change from the immature insect into the adult form.
The female then curls her abdomen forwards to contact with the secondary genitalia in order to receive sperm. Damselfly nymphs odonata, zygoptera life in freshwater. Order odonata metamorphosis by dragonfly on psyshop cd. The metamorphosis is by progressi ve changes at times of molting. The adults are easily recognized by their two pairs of narrow, transparent wings, sloping thorax, and long, usually slender body. Metamorphosis describes the series of changes through which an insect. Dragonflies and damselflies are large, conspicuous insects generally found near freshwater habitats. They are predators of other insects, even in their immature stage. Both dragonflies and damselflies belong to the odonata, which is a subgroup of insects, which in turn is a group of uniramian arthropods. More than 20,000 species are distributed worldwide.
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