An ancient group, damselflies have existed since at least the lower. This poster chronicles 30 gorgeous dragonflies, and damselflies, from the taxonomic order odonata. Phylogeny of the dragonfly and damselfly order odonata as inferred by mitochondrial 12s ribosomal rna sequences. Ent 425 general entomology resource library compendium. Many characteristics distinguish odonata from other groups of insects minute antennae, extremely large eyes filling most of the head, two pairs of transparent membranous wings with many small veins, a long slender abdomen, an aquatic larval stage nymph. Paleoptera, primitive wing structure and venation lacking the ability to fold the wings over the back. Among the insects, the order odonata, popularly known as dragonflies, is a group with low number of species, compared with other groups of insects buzzi, 20, characterized by present aquatic nymphs and terrestrial flying adults corbet, 1980. The odonata form a clade, which has existed since the triassic. Odonata comes from the grek odonta, which means tooth. Dragonflies and damselflies order odonata inaturalist. The importance of insect order and family identification.
Zygoptera belong to the class insecta because they have compound eyes, three pairs of legs, and go through metamorphosis during the life cycle. For genus or species level id you need specialized taxonomic keys if available or expert assistance. Order odonata the dragonflies and damselflies the odonata includes the dragonflies and damselflies. Characteristics these often brightly coloured, fast flying insects are well known and easily recognised. Odonata, insect order comprising the dragonflies suborder anisoptera and the damselflies suborder zygoptera. Creatures of the order odonata vintage inspired science etsy. Odonates are popular with both the amateur and professional because they are large, colorful, easily observable and have exceptionally charismatic behaviors. Indeed, so much useful information exists about dragonflies that they serve as.
Odonata zygoptera are part of the order odonata because they have two pairs of wings, 6 legs suited for prey capturing, and have elaborate mating processes. It contains many species with dark spots on the wings. Since this article is for the internet pond society, i have emphasized pond species and activities that the reader, as a pond owner, might observe or perform. The fossils of odonates and their cousins, including paleozoic giant dragonflies like meganeuropsis permiana from the permian of north america, reached wing spans of up to 71 cm 15 16 and a body length of 43 cm, making it the largest insect of all time. This refers to the strong teeth that are present on the jaws of most of these insects. Recently, while drafting a paper on the conservation of raresignificant dragonflies for a conservation biology class, i came across and. Order odonata the dragonflies and damselflies vcsu. Order odonata definition of order odonata by the free. This is the manual of the order odonata, and include a brief description of the group. Odonata, derived from the greek odonto, meaning tooth, refers to the strong teeth found on the mandibles of most adults. Dragonflies and damselflies are large, conspicuous insects often found close to fresh water. Damselfly nymphs odonata, zygoptera life in freshwater. The first order odonata was released to the unsuspecting masses back in 1993 by music producer and killing joke bassist, martin youth glover. In some areas, the term dragonfly is used for both groups.
The nymph phase can be rather long in some groups, lasting up to 3 to 4 years. Odonata families identification guide discover life. The order odonata includes dragonflies and damselflies, which undergo incomplete metamorphosis. Various artists order odonata metamorphosis full album. General life cycle the odonata undergo incomplete metamorphosis, which means that there is a distinct larval phase, usually called a nymph or a naiad, and a distinct adult phase with no intermediate pupal phase. Check out order odonata metamorphosis from dragonfly records on beatport. Metamorphosis refers to a major change of form or structure during development.
They are an ancient and successful group that was around long before the dinosaurs evolved. Zygoptera are part of the order odonata because they have two pairs of wings, 6 legs suited for prey. Dragonflies and damselflies are medium to large insects with body lengths ranging from 15120 millimetres. This produces a very characteristic coupling pose, where the male grasps the female behind the head with claspers at the end of his abdomen, and the female places the tip of her abdomen up to the base of the. Odonata dragonflies and damselflies are insects with an incomplete metamorphosis. The male and female form the heart shape wheel and it is known as wheel position. Jan 23, 2020 all immature odonata have a specialized labium for catching prey. The odonata are unusual in that the male has secondary genitalia at the base of the abdomen, to which he transfers sperm prior to mating. One of the most dramatic forms of metamorphosis is the change from the immature insect into the adult form. Order odonata metamorphosis from dragonfly records on. Dragonfly records ran from 1993 2003 and was relaunched in december 2019 with a new installment of the order odonata series. The adults are easily recognized by their two pairs of narrow, transparent wings, sloping thorax, and long, usually slender body.
These attributes force a collector to be very patient and quick with the net. Odonata is an order of carnivorous insects, encompassing the dragonflies anisoptera and the damselflies zygoptera. The 1800 or so known species are distributed mostly in the tropics and make up 8 families or 1 family, mantidae, with 34 subfamilies brues et al. Order odonata family list vcsu macroinvertebrate lab. It is characterized by its huge multiretinal eyes, two strong wings, and its elongated body. The radiation led to the rise of the order odonata, with the oldest fossils dating back to the permian. The odonata order needs preserved places to reproduce and develop. Zygoptera or damselflies and anisoptera or true dragonflieseach with approximately 3000 speciesand a small suborder anisozygoptera. Order odonata metamorphosis by dragonfly on psyshop cd. Aeshnidae darners these insects are notable for their large size and brilliant blue or green coloration.
Mating and reproduction in odonata brisbane insects. Quite simply, this book is the sum of published knowledge on the behaviour and ecology of this archaic insect order. Hooked lobes at the tip of the labium grasp or impale the prey and draw it back to the mouth as the labium retracts. Notice that in damselfly male is holding by females neck prothorax while in dragonfly is holding the back her.
They are often seen flying rapidly over streams and lakes, or through gardens at dusk, often. Zygoptera or damselflies and anisoptera or true dragonflieseach with approximately 3000 speciesand a small suborder anisozygoptera damsel dragons with four species. Gomphidae clubtails these dragonflies have the terminal abdominal. They are similar to dragonflies, which constitute the other odonatan suborder, anisoptera, but are smaller, have slimmer bodies, and most species fold the wings along the body when at rest, unlike dragonflies which hold the wings flat and away from the body. Anisoptera dragonflies hind wings are broader near the base than the front wings. Mating of the adults usually takes place on the wing in tandem position. The theoretical framework deals with biology, life cycle, sexual behavior and biodiversity. The tympanum or ear is located in the front tibia in crickets, mole crickets, and katydids, and on the first abdominal segment in. The metamorphosis is by progressi ve changes at times of molting. Damselflies are insects of the suborder zygoptera in the order odonata. The large compound eyes bulge to the side and are widely separated. Zygoptera damselflies front and hind wings are similar in shape 2.
The male then will return to his territory or perch while the female oviposits her egss alone along the water. The presentday odonata is regarded as a monophyletic group, which is divided into three suborders. The insects in the order have incomplete metamorphosis, and produce sound known as a stridulation by rubbing their wings against each other or their legs, the wings or legs containing rows of corrugated bumps. Discover lifes encyclopedia page about the biology, natural history, ecology, identification and distribution of kinds of odonata families kinds of odonata families sabina gupta. The odonata dragonflies and damseflies of himalaya is documented based on field surveys by the authors and extensive literature study. The female then curls her abdomen forwards to contact with the secondary genitalia in order to receive sperm. Dragonflies belong to the order odonata which means tooth and butterflies belong to the order.
They have four powerful wings that move independently. Once the nymph is fully grown, and the weather is right, it will complete the metamorphosis into a dragonfly by crawling out of the water up the stem of a plant. The order odonata contains the dragonflies and damselflies and is one of the most popular insect groups. Annals of the entomological society of america 966. A dragonfly is an insect belonging to the order odonata, infraorder anisoptera adult dragonflies. One of the most dramatic forms of metamorphosis is the change from the immature.
The order odonata is divided into two suborders, the anisoptera containing the dragonflies. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. They are predators of other insects, even in their immature stage. Order hemiptera and mudeyes immature dragonflies, order odonata. Entomologyprint version wikibooks, open books for an. Examples of hemimetabolous insects include cockroaches order blattodea, crickets and grasshoppers order orthoptera, stick insects order phasmatodea, praying mantids order mantodea, termites order isoptera, dragonflies and damselflies order odonata, earwigs order dermaptera, sucking bugs order hemiptera, wood and book lice order. They are extremely fast fliers and have large prominent eyes offering 360 degree vision. Many times, family level id is sufficient for management.
Odonata article about odonata by the free dictionary. Based on your answers to the questions, you have identified your insect as being in the order odonata. Odonata definition is an order of insects containing the dragonflies and damselflies and characterized by aquatic larvae that are nymphs or naiads and by predaciousness in both adult and larval forms. The odonata includes the dragonflies and damselflies. Odonata have chewing mouthparts and very short antennae.
Sabina gupta justin long john pickering university of georgia, athens. Order odonata the dragonflies and damselflies vcsu macro. Folded under the head and thorax when not in use, the labium can be extended rapidly toward potential prey. I do not want to sound like a barbore, but this book is testament to the way biology used to be done highquality, empiracallybased. One species that lived around 250 million years ago was the largest insect known to. Apr 05, 2019 the damselfly is a close relative to the dragonfly. A total of 257 species under 112 genera and 18 families are. One species that lived around 250 million years ago was the largest insect known to exist and had a wingspan of over 70 cm. Metamorphosis describes the series of changes through which an insect.
Odonata dragonflies and damselfies the key for odonata can be found in chapter 5 of the guide to aquatic invertebrates of the upper midwest, pages 6573. Order odonata metamorphosis by various artists, released december 2019 1. Dragonflies and damselflies are large, conspicuous insects generally found near freshwater habitats. Id books are organized around these classification levels. My program has consisted largely of ecology, evolution, and behavior, and throughout it i have attempted to incorporate my lifelong fascination with dragonflies into many of my research projects, essays, etc. These damselflies tend to be larger than most others. Dragonfly records emerges from the cocoon and spreads its wings to fly once again. Macro photography of damselfly nymphs order odonata, suborder zygoptera. Both dragonflies and damselflies belong to the odonata, which is a subgroup of insects, which in turn is a group of uniramian arthropods.
Trogiomorpha some barklice, troctomorpha parasitic lice and booklice, and psocomorpha other barklice. This is the only hemimetabolous order other than odonata composed entirely of predaceous species. Dragonfly records, the trance arm of butterfly recordings, was a seminal label in the electronic trance music lineage and arguably the first uk european goa trance label. Odonata dragonflies and damselflies, an order of predatory insects capable of rapid flight. Lafcadio hearn wrote in his 1901 book a japanese miscellany that japanese poets had created. Damsels and dragons the insect order odonata the odonata from the greek odono meaning tooth, commonly known as dragonflies and damselflies, is a fascinating insect order. Butterflies undergo full metamorphosis while dragonflies undergoe partial metamorphosis. The nymphs of odonata are found in water, and adults usually are nearby. More than 20,000 species are distributed worldwide. Odonata dragonflies, damselflies ordinal characteristics. Libellulidae common skimmers this is the largest family in the order. Entomologyprint version wikibooks, open books for an open.
Odonata and their ancestors come from one of the oldest winged insect groups. The order odonata is divided into two suborders, the anisoptera containing the dragonflies, and the zygoptera containing the damselflies. Some insects, such as true bugs order hemiptera and grasshoppers order, undergo an incomplete metamorphosis. The dragonflies a dragonfly is a special type of predatory animal that helps control the population, with its huge jaws and quick wing reflexes. Odonata closely resemble the oldest flying insects known from fossils. In this book pieter van dokkum reveals many of the dragonflys secrets, capturing. Odonata dragonflies and damselflies life cycle odonata are hemimetabolus as they only go through three stages in the life cycle that is egg, nymph and adult. Members of this order are generally large predatory insects and characteristically have chewing mouthparts and four membranous, netveined wings.
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